Both men and women play an important role in the conservation, management, and use of biodiversity. But women have been sidelined during the decision making process on environmental issues from local to the international level. We tend to overlook the different roles and responsibilities of men and women in biodiversity management. How men and women impact biodiversity via socio-cultural influence, ecological roles, and political-economic dynamics are rarely discussed. In some countries, men work in forests that are distant from settlements. They engage in fishing, hunting, livestock herding, and timber extraction; while women maintain local-level biodiversity working in home gardens, forests, rangelands, water resources, domestications, genetic manipulation of plants and animals, herbalist, seed management, and more. [caption id="attachment_2406" align="alignnone" width="840"] Asia-Pacific gender/biodiversity workshop in Bangkok
Source: UNEP[/caption] Women are users and custodians of biodiversity.  In some countries like Bolivia, Colombia, Peru, Viet Nam, India, and Indonesia; women are working for the improvement and storage of seeds and livestock management. More than 400 million women farm globally controlling about  60-80% of the world’s food production. Despite laws half, the world’s women are still not given land, property rights. Women owe less than 20%  of the world’s titled land. Moving on from processes to policies, only 56% of national biodiversity strategies and action plans were found to contain gender keywords, this represents missed opportunities to integrate gender into biodiversity policy. This kind of gender imbalance results in men dominating environmental and biodiversity planning and policymaking. Dolakha District of Nepal has women based executive committee comprising 166 households, managing 152 ha of the forest as common property. Women are being recognized as important actors engaged in biodiversity conservation and management there. Gender inequalities increase the depletion and degradation of biodiversity. These gaps must be addressed through committed action. Incorporating a gender-responsive approach into biodiversity policy, planning, and programming.  The inclusion of women scientists and gender expertise at all levels of policy-making and implementation is an urgent call for biodiversity conservation and its management.

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